FAQ
Frequently asked questions
General answers. For any decision, refer to the official texts and your competent authority.
What is the difference between an FFS and an FTD?
An FFS reproduces the complete flight deck with visual and motion systems. An FTD reproduces instruments and controls without requiring all of these systems at every level. Credits differ accordingly.
Who qualifies a flight simulator?
The competent authority evaluates the FSTD against the applicable CS-FSTD and issues a qualification certificate, followed by recurrent evaluations.
Is a virtual reality headset an FSTD?
Not as such. An FSTD must be qualified under CS-FSTD. A VR tool can nevertheless support training within a programme, as approved.
Can simulation replace practical training on aircraft under Part-147?
Only partly. Part-66 and Part-147 requirements frame practical training; the share achievable on simulated devices must be justified in the approved programme.
What is a digital twin in training?
A digital model of a system that reproduces its behaviour. It helps understand the effect of a failure or adjustment, provided its data are reliable and up to date.
Where can I find the reference texts?
On the EASA website: regulations, certification specifications (CS-FSTD), AMC and GM, and the consolidated “Easy Access Rules”.
How do I submit a simulation-based training project?
Use the form on the Contact page, describing your organisation, trainees and objectives.
EASA
This site presents general concepts. Only official EASA publications (regulations, CS, AMC and GM) are authoritative.
See the texts on the EASA website →